Fasting glucose
DENüchternglukose
Fasting glucose is your blood-sugar level after at least eight hours without eating. It reflects your baseline glucose balance. Several things set that balance. They are your liver's glucose output, your β-cells' insulin release, and your tissues' insulin sensitivity. Counter-regulatory hormones like glucagon also matter. So do your kidneys, a bit. Persistently high values mean impaired fasting glucose, prediabetes, or type 2 diabetes. Genetics (Mendelian randomization) even supports a causal effect of higher levels on coronary disease. And here is a subtle point. Even in the upper-normal range, a rising value tracks with more risk. So stable, lower-normal numbers are generally favorable.
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