EGCG (Epigallocatechin gallate)

EGCG is the most abundant catechin in green tea and a polyphenol with antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and AMPK-modulating activity. Observational data link green tea consumption to lower cardiovascular and all-cause mortality. Trials of EGCG supplements show small effects on lipids, blood pressure, and body weight. High-dose extracts (typically above 800 mg EGCG/day) have been associated with liver enzyme elevations and hepatotoxicity; the European Food Safety Authority (EFSA) has identified this threshold as a safety concern and the EU has imposed limits on EGCG in food supplements. Direct evidence for human longevity from isolated EGCG remains limited.