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Metabolism

Caloric restriction

DEKalorienrestriktion

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Caloric restriction is a sustained reduction in energy intake, typically 10–30% below ad libitum, without malnutrition. It activates conserved nutrient-sensing pathways including AMPK and sirtuins while suppressing mTOR and insulin/IGF-1 signaling. In many rodent models it extends lifespan, though effects vary by strain, sex, age at onset, and protocol; non-human primate trials gave divergent results (Wisconsin vs. NIA). In humans, the CALERIE-2 trial (~12% achieved restriction, below the 25% target) improved cardiometabolic markers and reduced inflammation.

Sources

  1. Mattison JA, Colman RJ, Beasley TM, Allison DB, Kemnitz JW, Roth GS, et al.. (2017). Caloric Restriction Improves Health and Survival of Rhesus Monkeys. *Nature Communications*doi:10.1038/ncomms14063
  2. Kraus WE, Bhapkar M, Huffman KM, Pieper CF, Krupa Das S, Redman LM, Villareal DT, Rochon J, Roberts SB, Ravussin E, Holloszy JO, Fontana L; CALERIE Investigators. (2019). 2 years of calorie restriction and cardiometabolic risk (CALERIE): exploratory outcomes of a multicentre, phase 2, randomised controlled trial. *The Lancet Diabetes & Endocrinology*doi:10.1016/S2213-8587(19)30151-2